Calculator · Electrical Engineering

Faraday’s Law / Induced EMF Calculator

Signed finite-interval induction with an explicit flux direction and EMF polarity.

Known quantities

Winding turns NInput

Initial flux Φ₁Input

Final flux Φ₂Input

Time interval ΔtInput

Positive flux follows the arrow. EMF is measured at + relative to −; increasing positive flux gives negative average EMF (Lenz’s law).

· Average EMF over the supplied finite time interval, not instantaneous EMF.
· Positive flux follows the marked winding reference; e_avg = −N·ΔΦ/Δt at the marked reference polarity.